Timothy J. Ley, M.D.

Funk RK, Maxwell TJ, Izumi M, Edwin D, Kreisel F, Ley TJ, Cheverud JM, Graubert TA
Quantitative trait loci associated with susceptibility to therapy-related acute murine promyelocytic leukemia in hCG-PML/RARA transgenic mice.
Blood 2008 Jun 13; [Epub ahead of print]

Cahan P, Godfrey LE, Eis PS, Richmond TA, Selzer RR, Brent M, McLeod HL, Ley TJ, Graubert TA
wuHMM: a robust algorithm to detect DNA copy number variation using long oligonucleotide microarray data.
Nucleic Acids Res 2008 Apr;36(7):e41

Chang LW, Payton JE, Yuan W, Ley TJ, Nagarajan R, Stormo GD
Computational identification of the normal and perturbed genetic networks involved in myeloid differentiation and acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Genome Biol 2008;9(2):R38

Tomasson MH, Xiang Z, Walgren R, Zhao Y, Kasai Y, Miner T, Ries RE, Lubman O, Fremont D, McLellan MD, Payton JE, Westervelt P, Dipersio JF, Link DC, Walter MJ, Graubert TA, Watson M, Baty J, Heath S, Shannon WD, Nagarajan R, Bloomfield CD, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Ley TJ
Somatic mutations and germline sequence variants in the expressed tyrosine kinase genes of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.
Blood 2008 May 1;111(9):4797-808

Xiang Z, Zhao Y, Mitaksov V, Fremont DH, Kasai Y, Molitoris A, Ries RE, Miner TL, McLellan MD, Dipersio JF, Link DC, Payton JE, Graubert TA, Watson M, Shannon W, Heath SE, Naggarajan R, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Ley TJ, Tomasson MH
Identification of somatic JAK1 mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
Blood 2008 May 1;111(9):4809-12

Cao X, Cai SF, Fehniger TA, Song J, Collins LI, Piwnica-Worms DR, Ley TJ
Granzyme B and Perforin Are Important for Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Suppression of Tumor Clearance.
Immunity 2007 Oct 26;27(4):635-646

Link DC, Kunter G, Kasai Y, Zhao Y, Miner T, McLellan MD, Ries RE, Kapur D, Nagarajan R, Dale DC, Bolyard AA, Boxer LA, Welte K, Zeidler C, Donadieu J, Bellanne-Chantelot C, Vardiman JW, Caligiuri MA, Bloomfield CD, DiPersio JF, Tomasson MH, Graubert TA, Westervelt P, Watson M, Shannon W, Baty J, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Ley TJ
Distinct patterns of mutations occurring in de novo AML versus AML arising in the setting of severe congenital neutropenia.
Blood 2007 Sep 1;110(5):1648-55

Fehniger TA, Cai SF, Cao X, Bredemeyer AJ, Presti RM, French AR, Ley TJ
Acquisition of murine NK cell cytotoxicity requires the translation of a pre-existing pool of granzyme B and perforin mRNAs.
Immunity 2007 Jun;26(6):798-811

Graubert TA, Cahan P, Edwin D, Selzer RR, Richmond TA, Eis PS, Shannon WD, Li X, McLeod HL, Cheverud JM, Ley TJ
A High-Resolution Map of Segmental DNA Copy Number Variation in the Mouse Genome.
PLoS Genet 2007 Jan 5;3(1):e3

Yuan W, Payton JE, Holt MS, Link DC, Watson MA, DiPersio JF, Ley TJ
Commonly dysregulated genes in murine APL cells.
Blood 2007 Feb 1;109(3):961-70

Walter MJ, Ries RE, Armstrong JR, Park JS, Mardis ER, Ley TJ
Expression of a bcr-1 isoform of RARalpha-PML does not affect the penetrance of acute promyelocytic leukemia or the acquisition of an interstitial deletion on mouse chromosome 2.
Blood 2007 Feb 1;109(3):1237-40

Bredemeyer AJ, Carrigan PE, Fehniger TA, Smith DF, Ley TJ
Hop cleavage and function in granzyme B-induced apoptosis.
J Biol Chem 2006 Dec 1;281(48):37130-41

Lu ZH, Books JT, Ley TJ
Cold shock domain family members YB-1 and MSY4 share essential functions during murine embryogenesis.
Mol Cell Biol 2006 Nov;26(22):8410-7

Chan IT, Kutok JL, Williams IR, Cohen S, Moore S, Shigematsu H, Ley TJ, Akashi K, Le Beau MM, Gilliland DG
Oncogenic K-ras cooperates with PML-RAR alpha to induce an acute promyelocytic leukemia-like disease.
Blood 2006 Sep 1;108(5):1708-15

Ley TJ, Rosenberg LE
The physician-scientist career pipeline in 2005: build it, and they will come.
JAMA 2005 Sep 21;294(11):1343-51

Walter MJ, Park JS, Ries RE, Lau SK, McLellan M, Jaeger S, Wilson RK, Mardis ER, Ley TJ
Reduced PU.1 expression causes myeloid progenitor expansion and increased leukemia penetrance in mice expressing PML-RARalpha.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 Aug 30;102(35):12513-8

Pollock JL, Lane AA, Schrimpf K, Ley TJ
Murine acute promyelocytic leukemia cells can be recognized and cleared in vivo by adaptive immune mechanisms.
Haematologica 2005 Aug;90(8):1042-9

Lu ZH, Books JT, Ley TJ
YB-1 is important for late-stage embryonic development, optimal cellular stress responses, and the prevention of premature senescence.
Mol Cell Biol 2005 Jun;25(11):4625-37

Lane AA, Ley TJ
Neutrophil elastase is important for PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha activities in early myeloid cells.
Mol Cell Biol 2005 Jan;25(1):23-33

Revell PA, Grossman WJ, Thomas DA, Cao X, Behl R, Ratner JA, Lu ZH, Ley TJ
Granzyme B and the downstream granzymes C and/or F are important for cytotoxic lymphocyte functions.
J Immunol 2005 Feb 15;174(4):2124-31

Grossman WJ, Verbsky JW, Barchet W, Colonna M, Atkinson JP, Ley TJ
Human T regulatory cells can use the perforin pathway to cause autologous target cell death.
Immunity 2004 Oct;21(4):589-601

Pham CT, Ivanovich JL, Raptis SZ, Zehnbauer B, Ley TJ
Papillon-Lefevre syndrome: correlating the molecular, cellular, and clinical consequences of cathepsin C/dipeptidyl peptidase I deficiency in humans.
J Immunol 2004 Dec 15;173(12):7277-81

Walter MJ, Park JS, Lau SK, Li X, Lane AA, Nagarajan R, Shannon WD, Ley TJ
Expression profiling of murine acute promyelocytic leukemia cells reveals multiple model-dependent progression signatures.
Mol Cell Biol 2004 Dec;24(24):10882-93

Loh J, Thomas DA, Revell PA, Ley TJ, Virgin HW 4th
Granzymes and caspase 3 play important roles in control of gammaherpesvirus latency.
J Virol 2004 Nov;78(22):12519-28

Grossman WJ, Verbsky JW, Tollefsen BL, Kemper C, Atkinson JP, Ley TJ
Differential expression of granzymes A and B in human cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets and T regulatory cells.
Blood 2004 Nov 1;104(9):2840-8

Bredemeyer AJ, Lewis RM, Malone JP, Davis AE, Gross J, Townsend RR, Ley TJ
A proteomic approach for the discovery of protease substrates.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 Aug 10;101(32):11785-90

Grossman WJ, Ley TJ
Granzymes A and B are not expressed in human neutrophils.
Blood 2004 Aug 1;104(3):906-7; author reply 907-8

Lane AA, Ley TJ
Neutrophil elastase cleaves PML-RARalpha and is important for the development of acute promyelocytic leukemia in mice.
Cell 2003 Oct 31;115(3):305-18

Ley TJ, Minx PJ, Walter MJ, Ries RE, Sun H, McLellan M, DiPersio JF, Link DC, Tomasson MH, Graubert TA, McLeod H, Khoury H, Watson M, Shannon W, Trinkaus K, Heath S, Vardiman JW, Caligiuri MA, Bloomfield CD, Milbrandt JD, Mardis ER, Wilson RK
A pilot study of high-throughput, sequence-based mutational profiling of primary human acute myeloid leukemia cell genomes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003 Nov 25;100(24):14275-80

Westervelt P, Lane AA, Pollock JL, Oldfather K, Holt MS, Zimonjic DB, Popescu NC, DiPersio JF, Ley TJ
High-penetrance mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia with very low levels of PML-RARalpha expression.
Blood 2003 Sep 1;102(5):1857-65

Lu ZH, Books JT, Kaufman RM, Ley TJ
Long targeting arms do not increase the efficiency of homologous recombination in the beta-globin locus of murine embryonic stem cells.
Blood 2003 Aug 15;102(4):1531-3

Johnson H, Scorrano L, Korsmeyer SJ, Ley TJ
Cell death induced by granzyme C.
Blood 2003 Apr 15;101(8):3093-101

Kelly LM, Kutok JL, Williams IR, Boulton CL, Amaral SM, Curley DP, Ley TJ, Gilliland DG
PML/RARalpha and FLT3-ITD induce an APL-like disease in a mouse model.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8283-8

Westervelt P, Pollock JL, Oldfather KM, Walter MJ, Ma MK, Williams A, DiPersio JF, Ley TJ
Adaptive immunity cooperates with liposomal all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) to facilitate long-term molecular remissions in mice with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002 Jul 9;99(14):9468-73

Ley TJ, Rosenberg LE
Removing career obstacles for young physician-scientists -- loan-repayment programs.
N Engl J Med 2002 Jan 31;346(5):368-72

Thomas DA, Scorrano L, Putcha GV, Korsmeyer SJ, Ley TJ
Granzyme B can cause mitochondrial depolarization and cell death in the absence of BID, BAX, and BAK.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001 Dec 18;98(26):14985-90

Wolters PJ, Pham CT, Muilenburg DJ, Ley TJ, Caughey GH
Dipeptidyl peptidase I is essential for activation of mast cell chymases, but not tryptases, in mice.
J Biol Chem 2001 May 25;276(21):18551-6

Kaufman RM, Lu ZH, Behl R, Holt JM, Ackers GK, Ley TJ
Lack of neighborhood effects from a transcriptionally active phosphoglycerate kinase-neo cassette located between the murine beta-major and beta-minor globin genes.
Blood 2001 Jul 1;98(1):65-73

Westervelt P, Brown RA, Adkins DR, Khoury H, Curtin P, Hurd D, Luger SM, Ma MK, Ley TJ, DiPersio JF
Sudden death among patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide.
Blood 2001 Jul 15;98(2):266-71

Zimonjic DB, Pollock JL, Westervelt P, Popescu NC, Ley TJ
Acquired, nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities associated with the development of acute promyelocytic leukemia in transgenic mice.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000 Nov 21;97(24):13306-11

Thomas DA, Du C, Xu M, Wang X, Ley TJ
DFF45/ICAD can be directly processed by granzyme B during the induction of apoptosis.
Immunity 2000 Jun;12(6):621-32

Alami R, Bender MA, Feng YQ, Fiering SN, Hug BA, Ley TJ, Groudine M, Bouhassira EE
Deletions within the mouse beta-globin locus control region preferentially reduce beta(min) globin gene expression.
Genomics 2000 Feb 1;63(3):417-24

Bender MA, Mehaffey MG, Telling A, Hug B, Ley TJ, Groudine M, Fiering S
Independent formation of DnaseI hypersensitive sites in the murine beta-globin locus control region.
Blood 2000 Jun 1;95(11):3600-4

Zemlo TR, Garrison HH, Partridge NC, Ley TJ
The physician-scientist: career issues and challenges at the year 2000.
FASEB J 2000 Feb;14(2):221-30

Pollock JL, Westervelt P, Kurichety AK, Pelicci PG, Grisolano JL, Ley TJ
A bcr-3 isoform of RARalpha-PML potentiates the development of PML-RARalpha-driven acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999 Dec 21;96(26):15103-8

MacIvor DM, Shapiro SD, Pham CT, Belaaouaj A, Abraham SN, Ley TJ
Normal neutrophil function in cathepsin G-deficient mice.
Blood 1999 Dec 15;94(12):4282-93

Kaufman RM, Pham CT, Ley TJ
Transgenic analysis of a 100-kb human beta-globin cluster-containing DNA fragment propagated as a bacterial artificial chromosome [published erratum appears in Blood 2000 Feb 1;95(3):744]
Blood 1999 Nov 1;94(9):3178-84

Pham CT, Ley TJ
Dipeptidyl peptidase I is required for the processing and activation of granzymes A and B in vivo
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999 Jul 20;96(15):8627-32

Shresta S, Graubert TA, Thomas DA, Raptis SZ, Ley TJ
Granzyme A initiates an alternative pathway for granule-mediated apoptosis.
Immunity 1999 May;10(5):595-605

MacIvor DM, Pham CT, Ley TJ
The 5' flanking region of the human granzyme H gene directs expression to T/natural killer cell progenitors and lymphokine-activated killer cells in transgenic mice.
Blood 1999 Feb 1;93(3):963-73

Abbott RE, Corral CJ, MacIvor DM, Lin X, Ley TJ, Mustoe TA
Augmented inflammatory responses and altered wound healing in cathepsin G-deficient mice.
Arch Surg 1998 Sep;133(9):1002-6

Graubert TA, Hug BA, Wesselschmidt R, Hsieh CL, Ryan TM, Townes TM, Ley TJ
Stochastic, stage-specific mechanisms account for the variegation of a human globin transgene.
Nucleic Acids Res 1998 Jun 15;26(12):2849-58

Belaaouaj A, McCarthy R, Baumann M, Gao Z, Ley TJ, Abraham SN, Shapiro SD
Mice lacking neutrophil elastase reveal impaired host defense against gram negative bacterial sepsis.
Nat Med 1998 May;4(5):615-8

Pham CT, Thomas DA, Mercer JD, Ley TJ
Production of fully active recombinant murine granzyme B in yeast.
J Biol Chem 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1629-33

Graubert TA, DiPersio JF, Russell JH, Ley TJ
Perforin/granzyme-dependent and independent mechanisms are both important for the development of graft-versus-host disease after murine bone marrow transplantation.
J Clin Invest 1997 Aug 15;100(4):904-11

Shresta S, Goda P, Wesselschmidt R, Ley TJ
Residual cytotoxicity and granzyme K expression in granzyme A-deficient cytotoxic lymphocytes.
J Biol Chem 1997 Aug 8;272(32):20236-44

Shresta S, Russell JH, Ley TJ
Mechanisms responsible for granzyme B-independent cytotoxicity.
Blood 1997 Jun 1;89(11):4085-91

Pham CTN, Armstrong RJ, Zimonjic DB, Popescu NC, Payan DG, Ley TJ
Molecular cloning, chromosomal localization, and expression of murine dipeptidyl peptidase I.
J Biol Chem 1997 Apr 18;272(16):10695-703

Grisolano JL, Wesselschmidt RL, Pelicci PG, Ley TJ
Altered myeloid development and acute leukemia in transgenic mice expressing PML-RAR alpha under control of cathepsin G regulatory sequences.
Blood 1997 Jan 15;89(2):376-87

Pham CT, MacIvor DM, Hug BA, Heusel JW, Ley TJ
Long-range disruption of gene expression by a selectable marker cassette.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996 Nov 12;93(23):13090-5

Darmon AJ, Ley TJ, Nicholson DW, Bleackley RC
Cleavage of CPP32 by granzyme B represents a critical role for granzyme B in the induction of target cell DNA fragmentation.
J Biol Chem 1996 Sep 6;271(36):21709-12

Shipley JM, Wesselschmidt RL, Kobayashi DK, Ley TJ, Shapiro SD
Metalloelastase is required for macrophage-mediated proteolysis and matrix invasion in mice.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996 Apr 30;93(9):3942-6

Hug BA, Wesselschmidt RL, Fiering S, Bender MA, Epner E, Groudine M, Ley TJ
Analysis of mice containing a targeted deletion of beta-globin locus control region 5' hypersensitive site 3.
Mol Cell Biol 1996 Jun;16(6):2906-12

Graubert TA, Russell JH, Ley TJ
The role of granzyme B in murine models of acute graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection.
Blood 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1232-7

Bacolla A, Ulrich MJ, Larson JE, Ley TJ, Wells RD
An intramolecular triplex in the human gamma-globin 5'-flanking region is altered by point mutations associated with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin.
J Biol Chem 1995 Oct 13;270(41):24556-63

Fiering S, Epner E, Robinson K, Zhuang Y, Telling A, Hu M, Martin DI, Enver T, Ley TJ, Groudine M
Targeted deletion of 5'HS2 of the murine beta-globin LCR reveals that it is not essential for proper regulation of the beta-globin locus.
Genes Dev 1995 Sep 15;9(18):2203-13

Shresta S, MacIvor DM, Heusel JW, Russell JH, Ley TJ
Natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cells require granzyme B for the rapid induction of apoptosis in susceptible target cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995 Jun 6;92(12):5679-83

Grossman WJ, Kimata JT, Wong FH, Zutter M, Ley TJ, Ratner L
Development of leukemia in mice transgenic for the tax gene of human T- cell leukemia virus type I.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995 Feb 14;92(4):1057-61

Grisolano JL, Sclar GM, Ley TJ
Early myeloid cell-specific expression of the human cathepsin G gene in transgenic mice.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994 Sep 13;91(19):8989-93

Horwitz EM, Maloney KA, Ley TJ
A human protein containing a "cold shock" domain binds specifically to H-DNA upstream from the human gamma-globin genes.
J Biol Chem 1994 May 13;269(19):14130-9

Heusel JW, Wesselschmidt RL, Shresta S, Russell JH, Ley TJ
Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells.
Cell 1994 Mar 25;76(6):977-87

Shapiro SD, Kobayashi DK, Ley TJ
Cloning and characterization of a unique elastolytic metalloproteinase produced by human alveolar macrophages.
J Biol Chem 1993 Nov 15;268(32):23824-9

Hanson RD, Grisolano JL, Ley TJ
Consensus AP-1 and CRE motifs upstream from the human cytotoxic serine protease B (CSP-B/CGL-1) gene synergize to activate transcription.
Blood 1993 Nov 1;82(9):2749-57

Shapiro SD, Doyle GA, Ley TJ, Parks WC, Welgus HG
Molecular mechanisms regulating the production of collagenase and TIMP in U937 cells: evidence for involvement of delayed transcriptional activation and enhanced mRNA stability.
Biochemistry 1993 Apr 27;32(16):4286-92

Caughey GH, Schaumberg TH, Zerweck EH, Butterfield JH, Hanson RD, Silverman GA, Ley TJ
The human mast cell chymase gene (CMA1): mapping to the cathepsin G/granzyme gene cluster and lineage-restricted expression.
Genomics 1993 Mar;15(3):614-20

Heusel JW, Scarpati EM, Jenkins NA, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Shapiro SD, Ley TJ
Molecular cloning, chromosomal location, and tissue-specific expression of the murine cathepsin G gene.
Blood 1993 Mar 15;81(6):1614-23

Hug BA, Moon AM, Ley TJ
Structure and function of the murine beta-globin locus control region 5' HS-3.
Nucleic Acids Res 1992 Nov 11;20(21):5771-8

Ulrich MJ, Gray WJ, Ley TJ
An intramolecular DNA triplex is disrupted by point mutations associated with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin.
J Biol Chem 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18649-58

Link DC, Gutkind SJ, Robbins KC, Ley TJ
Characterization of the 5' untranslated region of the human c-fgr gene and identification of the major myelomonocytic c-fgr promoter.
Oncogene 1992 May;7(5):877-84

Shapiro SD, Griffin GL, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Welgus HG, Senior RM, Ley TJ
Molecular cloning, chromosomal localization, and bacterial expression of a murine macrophage metalloelastase.
J Biol Chem 1992 Mar 5;267(7):4664-71

Hanson RD, Ley TJ
A-T-rich scaffold attachment regions flank the hematopoietic serine protease genes clustered on chromosome 14q11.2.
Blood 1992 Feb 1;79(3):610-8

Hanson RD, Sclar GM, Kanagawa O, Ley TJ
The 5'-flanking region of the human CGL-1/granzyme B gene targets expression of a reporter gene to activated T-lymphocytes in transgenic mice.
J Biol Chem 1991 Dec 25;266(36):24433-8

Perkins SL, Link DC, Kling S, Ley TJ, Teitelbaum SL
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces monocytic differentiation of the PLB- 985 leukemic line and promotes c-fgr mRNA expression.
J Leukoc Biol 1991 Nov;50(5):427-33

Moon AM, Ley TJ
Functional properties of the beta-globin locus control region in K562 erythroleukemia cells.
Blood 1991 May 15;77(10):2272-84

Heusel JW, Hanson RD, Silverman GA, Ley TJ
Structure and expression of a cluster of human hematopoietic serine protease genes found on chromosome 14q11.2.
J Biol Chem 1991 Apr 5;266(10):6152-8

Gutkind JS, Link DC, Katamine S, Lacal P, Miki T, Ley TJ, Robbins KC
A novel c-fgr exon utilized in Epstein-Barr virus-infected B lymphocytes but not in normal monocytes.
Mol Cell Biol 1991 Mar;11(3):1500-7

Hanson RD, Ley TJ
Transcriptional activation of the human cytotoxic serine protease gene CSP-B in T lymphocytes.
Mol Cell Biol 1990 Nov;10(11):5655-62

Moon AM, Ley TJ
Conservation of the primary structure, organization, and function of the human and mouse beta-globin locus-activating regions.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Oct;87(19):7693-7

Ulrich MJ, Ley TJ
Function of normal and mutated gamma-globin gene promoters in electroporated K562 erythroleukemia cells.
Blood 1990 Feb 15;75(4):990-9

Hanson RD, Hohn PA, Popescu NC, Ley TJ
A cluster of hematopoietic serine protease genes is found on the same chromosomal band as the human alpha/delta T-cell receptor locus.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Feb;87(3):960-3

Hanson RD, Connolly NL, Burnett D, Campbell EJ, Senior RM, Ley TJ
Developmental regulation of the human cathepsin G gene in myelomonocytic cells.
J Biol Chem 1990 Jan 25;265(3):1524-30

Rebbe NF, Hickman WS, Ley TJ, Stafford DW, Hickman S
Nucleotide sequence and regulation of a human 90-kDa heat shock protein gene.
J Biol Chem 1989 Sep 5;264(25):15006-11

Carel JC, Frazier B, Ley TJ, Holers VM
Analysis of epitope expression and the functional repertoire of recombinant complement receptor 2 (CR2/CD21) in mouse and human cells.
J Immunol 1989 Aug 1;143(3):923-30

Hohn PA, Popescu NC, Hanson RD, Salvesen G, Ley TJ
Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human cathepsin G gene.
J Biol Chem 1989 Aug 15;264(23):13412-9

Ley TJ, Maloney KA, Gordon JI, Schwartz AL
Globin gene expression in erythroid human fetal liver cells.
J Clin Invest 1989 Mar;83(3):1032-8

Ley TJ, Connolly NL, Katamine S, Cheah MS, Senior RM, Robbins KC
Tissue-specific expression and developmental regulation of the human fgr proto-oncogene.
Mol Cell Biol 1989 Jan;9(1):92-9

Gimble JM, Max EE, Ley TJ
High-resolution analysis of the human gamma-globin gene promoter in K562 erythroleukemia cell chromatin.
Blood 1988 Aug;72(2):606-12

Bodine DM, Ley TJ
An enhancer element lies 3' to the human A gamma globin gene.
EMBO J 1987 Oct;6(10):2997-3004

Dover GJ, Humphries RK, Moore JG, Ley TJ, Young NS, Charache S, Nienhuis AW
Hydroxyurea induction of hemoglobin F production in sickle cell disease: relationship between cytotoxicity and F cell production.
Blood 1986 Mar;67(3):735-8

Cheah MS, Ley TJ, Tronick SR, Robbins KC
fgr proto-oncogene mRNA induced in B lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Nature 1986 Jan 16-22;319(6050):238-40

Humphries RK, Dover G, Young NS, Moore JG, Charache S, Ley T, Nienhuis AW
5-Azacytidine acts directly on both erythroid precursors and progenitors to increase production of fetal hemoglobin.
J Clin Invest 1985 Feb;75(2):547-57

Sands JM, Macher AM, Ley TJ, Nienhuis AW
Disseminated infection caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a patient with beta-thalassemia. Case report and review of the literature.
Ann Intern Med 1985 Jan;102(1):59-63

Ley TJ, Chiang YL, Haidaris D, Anagnou NP, Wilson VL, Anderson WF
DNA methylation and regulation of the human beta-globin-like genes in mouse erythroleukemia cells containing human chromosome 11.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984 Nov;81(21):6618-22

Humphries RK, Ley TJ, Anagnou NP, Baur AW, Nienhuis AW
Beta O-39 thalassemia gene: a premature termination codon causes beta- mRNA deficiency without affecting cytoplasmic beta-mRNA stability.
Blood 1984 Jul;64(1):23-32

Chiang YL, Ley TJ, Sanders-Haigh L, Anderson WF
Human globin gene expression in hybrid 2S MEL X human fibroblast cells.
Somat Cell Mol Genet 1984 Jul;10(4):399-407

Dean A, Ley TJ, Humphries RK, Fordis M, Schechter AN
Inducible transcription of five globin genes in K562 human leukemia cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983 Sep;80(18):5515-9

Anagnou NP, Ley TJ, Chesbro B, Wright G, Kitchens C, Liebhaber S, Nienhuis AW, Deisseroth AB
Acquired alpha-thalassemia in preleukemia is due to decreased expression of all four alpha-globin genes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983 Oct;80(19):6051-5

Goldsmith ME, Humphries RK, Ley T, Cline A, Kantor JA, Nienhuis AW
"Silent" nucleotide substitution in a beta+-thalassemia globin gene activates splice site in coding sequence RNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983 Apr;80(8):2318-22

Ley TJ, DeSimone J, Noguchi CT, Turner PH, Schechter AN, Heller P, Nienhuis AW
5-Azacytidine increases gamma-globin synthesis and reduces the proportion of dense cells in patients with sickle cell anemia.
Blood 1983 Aug;62(2):370-80

Ley TJ, Nienhuis AW
A weak upstream promoter gives rise to long human beta-globin RNA molecules.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983 May 16;112(3):1041-8

Ley TJ, DeSimone J, Anagnou NP, Keller GH, Humphries RK, Turner PH, Young NS, Keller P, Nienhuis AW
5-azacytidine selectively increases gamma-globin synthesis in a patient with beta+ thalassemia.
N Engl J Med 1982 Dec 9;307(24):1469-75

Gascon P, Ley TJ, Toltzis RJ, Bonow RO
Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage simulating acute transmural myocardial infarction.
Am Heart J 1983 Mar;105(3):511-3

Ley TJ, Anagnou NP, Pepe G, Nienhuis AW
RNA processing errors in patients with beta-thalassemia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1982 Aug;79(15):4775-9

Humphries RK, Ley T, Turner P, Moulton AD, Nienhuis AW
Differences in human alpha-, beta- and delta-globin gene expression in monkey kidney cells.
Cell 1982 Aug;30(1):173-83