Lee Ratner, M.D., Ph.D.

Khalid SK, Ratner L
Central nervous system lymphoma in multicentric Castleman’s Disease.
J Neuro-Oncol, in press

Feng X, Ratner L
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 blunts signaling by interferon alpha.
Virology 2008 Apr 25;374(1):210-6

Cheng X, Belshan M, Ratner L
Hsp40 facilitates nuclear import of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx-mediated preintegration complex.
J Virol 2008 Feb;82(3):1229-37

Salim A, Ratner L
Modulation of beta-catenin and E-cadherin interaction by Vpu increases human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particle release.
J Virol 2008 Apr;82(8):3932-8

Ratner L, Grant C, Zimmerman B, Fritz J, Weil G, Denes A, Suresh R, Campbell N, Jacobson S, Lairmore M
Effect of treatment of Strongyloides infection on HTLV-1 expression in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia.
Am J Hematol 2007 Oct;82(10):929-31

Bhatia AK, Campbell N, Panganiban A, Ratner L
Characterization of replication defects induced by mutations in the basic domain and C-terminus of HIV-1 matrix.
Virology 2007 Dec 5;369(1):47-54

Pontow S, Harmon B, Campbell N, Ratner L
Antiviral activity of a Rac GEF inhibitor characterized with a sensitive HIV/SIV fusion assay.
Virology 2007 Nov 10;368(1):1-6

Ramos JC, Ruiz P Jr, Ratner L, Reis IM, Brites C, Pedroso C, Byrne GE Jr, Toomey NL, Andela V, Harhaj EW, Lossos IS, Harrington WJ Jr
IRF-4 and c-Rel expression in antiviral-resistant adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Blood 2007 Apr 1;109(7):3060-8

Datta A, Silverman L, Phipps AJ, Hiraragi H, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 p30 alters cell cycle G2 regulation of T lymphocytes to enhance cell survival.
Retrovirology 2007 Jul 16;4:49

Grant C, Oh U, Fugo K, Takenouchi N, Griffith C, Yao K, Newhook TE, Ratner L, Jacobson S
Foxp3 represses retroviral transcription by targeting both NF-kappaB and CREB pathways.
PLoS Pathog 2006 Apr;2(4):e33

Michael B, Nair AM, Datta A, Hiraragi H, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of p300 modulates human T lymphotropic virus type 1 p30II-mediated repression of LTR transcriptional activity.
Virology 2006 Oct 25;354(2):225-39

Bernal-Mizrachi L, Lovly CM, Ratner L
The role of NF-{kappa}B-1 and NF-{kappa}B-2-mediated resistance to apoptosis in lymphomas.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006 Jun 13;103(24):9220-5

Pastore C, Nedellec R, Ramos A, Pontow S, Ratner L, Mosier DE
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptor switching: V1/V2 gain-of-fitness mutations compensate for V3 loss-of-fitness mutations.
J Virol 2006 Jan;80(2):750-8

Mahnke LA, Belshan M, Ratner L
Analysis of HIV-2 Vpx by modeling and insertional mutagenesis.
Virology 2006 Apr 25;348(1):165-74

Belshan M, Mahnke LA, Ratner L
Conserved amino acids of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx nuclear localization signal are critical for nuclear targeting of the viral preintegration complex in non-dividing cells.
Virology 2006 Mar 1;346(1):118-26

Hiraragi H, Kim SJ, Phipps AJ, Silic-Benussi M, Ciminale V, Ratner L, Green PL, Lairmore MD
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 mitochondrion-localizing protein p13(II) is required for viral infectivity in vivo.
J Virol 2006 Apr;80(7):3469-76

Aboulafia DM, Ratner L, Miles SA, Harrington WJ Jr
Antiviral and immunomodulatory treatment for AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: AIDS Malignancies Consortium pilot study 019.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma 2006 Mar;6(5):399-402

Gao L, Deng H, Zhao H, Hirbe A, Harding J, Ratner L, Weilbaecher K
HTLV-1 Tax transgenic mice develop spontaneous osteolytic bone metastases prevented by osteoclast inhibition.
Blood 2005 Dec 15;106(13):4294-302

Fracasso PM, Blum KA, Ma MK, Tan BR, Wright LP, Goodner SA, Fears CL, Hou W, Arquette MA, Picus J, Denes A, Mortimer JE, Ratner L, Ivy SP, McLeod HL
Phase I study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and the multidrug-resistance modulator, valspodar.
Br J Cancer 2005 Jul 11;93(1):46-53

Silverman LR, Phipps AJ, Montgomery A, Fernandez S, Tsukahara T, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
In vivo analysis of replication and immunogenicity of proviral clones of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 with selective envelope surface-unit mutations.
Blood 2005 Nov 15;106(10):3602-8

Wielgosz MM, Rauch DA, Jones KS, Ruscetti FW, Ratner L
Cholesterol dependence of HTLV-I infection.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2005 Jan;21(1):43-50

Benko Z, Liang D, Agbottah E, Hou J, Chiu K, Yu M, Innis S, Reed P, Kabat W, Elder RT, Di Marzio P, Taricani L, Ratner L, Young PG, Bukrinsky M, Zhao RY
Anti-Vpr activity of a yeast chaperone protein.
J Virol 2004 Oct;78(20):11016-29

Mitra-Kaushik S, Harding JC, Hess JL, Ratner L
Effects of the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 on tumor growth in HTLV-1 Tax transgenic mice and Tax tumor transplants.
Blood 2004 Aug 1;104(3):802-9

Mitra-Kaushik S, Harding J, Hess J, Schreiber R, Ratner L
Enhanced tumorigenesis in HTLV-1 tax-transgenic mice deficient in interferon-gamma.
Blood 2004 Nov 15;104(10):3305-11

Kaushik R, Ratner L
Role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix phosphorylation in an early postentry step of virus replication.
J Virol 2004 Mar;78(5):2319-26

Silverman LR, Phipps AJ, Montgomery A, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 open reading frame II-encoded p30II is required for in vivo replication: evidence of in vivo reversion.
J Virol 2004 Apr;78(8):3837-45

Tsukahara T, Ratner L
Substitution of HIV Type 1 Nef with HTLV-1 p12.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004 Sep;20(9):938-43

Pontow SE, Vander Heyden N, Wei S, Ratner L
Actin cytoskeletal reorganizations and coreceptor-mediated activation of rac during human immunodeficiency virus-induced cell fusion.
J Virol 2004 Jul;78(13):7138-47

Feng X, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Alpha interferon inhibits human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 assembly by preventing Gag interaction with rafts.
J Virol 2003 Dec;77(24):13389-95

Belshan M, Ratner L
Identification of the nuclear localization signal of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx.
Virology 2003 Jun 20;311(1):7-15

McGinn TM, Tao B, Cartner S, Schoeb T, Davis I, Ratner L, Fultz PN
Association of primate T-cell lymphotropic virus infection of pig-tailed macaques with high mortality.
Virology 2002 Dec 20;304(2):364-78

Yang L, Ratner L
Interaction of HIV-1 gag and membranes in a cell-free system.
Virology 2002 Oct 10;302(1):164-73

Liu Y, Dole K, Stanley JR, Richard V, Rosol TJ, Ratner L, Lairmore M, Feuer G
Engraftment and tumorigenesis of HTLV-1 transformed T cell lines in SCID/bg and NOD/SCID mice.
Leuk Res 2002 Jun;26(6):561-7

Cianfrocca M, Cooley TP, Lee JY, Rudek MA, Scadden DT, Ratner L, Pluda JM, Figg WD, Krown SE, Dezube BJ
Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor COL-3 in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma: a phase I AIDS malignancy consortium study.
J Clin Oncol 2002 Jan 1;20(1):153-9

Wang JJ, Sandefur S, Spearman P, Chiou CT, Chiang PH, Ratner L
Tracking the assembly pathway of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag deletion mutants by immunogold labeling.
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2001 Dec;9(4):371-9

Wang JJ, Ratner L
Effects of mutant Vpr/Vpx on HIV-2 assembly demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy.
Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China B 2001 Jan;25(1):50-8

Pontow S, Ratner L
Evidence for Common Structural Determinants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Activity Provided through Functional Analysis of CCR5/CXCR4 Chimeric Coreceptors.
J Virol 2001 Dec;75(23):11503-14

Tsukahara T, Wielgosz MM, Ratner L
Characterization of envelope glycoprotein mutants for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 infectivity and immortalization.
J Virol 2001 Oct;75(19):9553-9

Derdeyn CA, Decker JM, Sfakianos JN, Zhang Z, O'Brien WA, Ratner L, Shaw GM, Hunter E
Sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to fusion inhibitors targeted to the gp41 first heptad repeat involves distinct regions of gp41 and is consistently modulated by gp120 interactions with the coreceptor.
J Virol 2001 Sep;75(18):8605-14

Portis T, Harding JC, Ratner L
The contribution of NF-kappa B activity to spontaneous proliferation and resistance to apoptosis in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax-induced tumors.
Blood 2001 Aug 15;98(4):1200-8

Ratner L, Lee J, Tang S, Redden D, Hamzeh F, Herndier B, Scadden D, Kaplan L, Ambinder R, Levine A, Harrington W, Grochow L, Flexner C, Tan B, Straus D
Chemotherapy for human immunodeficiency virus-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy.
J Clin Oncol 2001 Apr 15;19(8):2171-8

Zhou Y, Ratner L
A novel inducible expression system to study transdominant mutants of HIV-1 Vpr.
Virology 2001 Aug 15;287(1):133-42

Portis T, Grossman WJ, Harding JC, Hess JL, Ratner L
Analysis of p53 inactivation in a human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax transgenic mouse model.
J Virol 2001 Mar;75(5):2185-93

Deora A, Ratner L
Viral protein U (Vpu)-mediated enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particle release depends on the rate of cellular proliferation.
J Virol 2001 Jul;75(14):6714-8

Poiesz BJ, Papsidero LD, Ehrlich G, Sherman M, Dube S, Poiesz M, Dillon K, Ruscetti FW, Slamon D, Fang C, Williams A, Duggan D, Glaser J, Gottlieb A, Goldberg J, Ratner L, Phillips P, Han T, Friedman-Kien A, Siegal F, Rai K, Sawitsky A, Sheremata LW, Dosik H, Cunningham C, Montagna R
Prevalence of HTLV-I-associated T-cell lymphoma.
Am J Hematol 2001 Jan;66(1):32-8

Jin L, Zhou Y, Ratner L
HIV type 2 Vpx interaction with Gag and incorporation into virus-like particles.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001 Jan 20;17(2):105-11

Albrecht B, Collins ND, Burniston MT, Nisbet JW, Ratner L, Green PL, Lairmore MD
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 open reading frame I p12(I) is required for efficient viral infectivity in primary lymphocytes.
J Virol 2000 Nov;74(21):9828-35

Robek MD, Ratner L
Immortalization of T lymphocytes by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is independent of the tax-CBP/p300 interaction.
J Virol 2000 Dec;74(24):11988-92

Derdeyn CA, Decker JM, Sfakianos JN, Wu X, O'Brien WA, Ratner L, Kappes JC, Shaw GM, Hunter E
Sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to the fusion inhibitor T-20 is modulated by coreceptor specificity defined by the V3 loop of gp120.
J Virol 2000 Sep;74(18):8358-67

Zhou Y, Ratner L
Phosphorylation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr regulates cell cycle arrest.
J Virol 2000 Jul;74(14):6520-7

Khanna KV, Yu XF, Ford DH, Ratner L, Hildreth JK, Markham RB
Differences among HIV-1 variants in their ability to elicit secretion of TNF-alpha.
J Immunol 2000 Feb 1;164(3):1408-15

Deora A, Spearman P, Ratner L
The N-terminal matrix domain of HIV-1 Gag is sufficient but not necessary for viral protein U-mediated enhancement of particle release through a membrane-targeting mechanism.
Virology 2000 Apr 10;269(2):305-12

Voulgaropoulou F, Pontow SE, Ratner L
Productive infection of CD34+-cell-derived megakaryocytes by X4 and R5 HIV-1 isolates.
Virology 2000 Mar 30;269(1):78-85

Bartoe JT, Albrecht B, Collins ND, Robek MD, Ratner L, Green PL, Lairmore MD
Functional role of pX open reading frame II of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in maintenance of viral loads in vivo.
J Virol 2000 Feb;74(3):1094-100

Levine AM, Li P, Cheung T, Tulpule A, Von Roenn J, Nathwani BN, Ratner L
Chemotherapy consisting of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor in HIV-infected patients with newly diagnosed Hodgkin's disease: a prospective, multi-institutional AIDS clinical trials group study (ACTG 149).
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000 Aug 15;24(5):444-50

Pancio HA, Vander Heyden N, Kosuri K, Cresswell P, Ratner L
Interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx and invariant chain.
J Virol 2000 Jul;74(13):6168-72

Pancio HA, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
The C-terminal proline-rich tail of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx is necessary for nuclear localization of the viral preintegration complex in nondividing cells.
J Virol 2000 Jul;74(13):6162-7

Trejo SR, Ratner L
The HTLV receptor is a widely expressed protein.
Virology 2000 Mar 1;268(1):41-8

Pirounaki M, Heyden NA, Arens M, Ratner L
Rapid phenotypic drug susceptibility assay for HIV-1 with a CCR5 expressing indicator cell line.
J Virol Methods 2000 Mar;85(1-2):151-61

Hung CS, Pontow S, Ratner L
Relationship between productive HIV-1 infection of macrophages and CCR5 utilization.
Virology 1999 Nov 25;264(2):278-88

Hung CS, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Analysis of the critical domain in the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 involved in CCR5 utilization.
J Virol 1999 Oct;73(10):8216-26

Collins ND, D'Souza C, Albrecht B, Robek MD, Ratner L, Ding W, Green PL, Lairmore MD
Proliferation response to interleukin-2 and Jak/Stat activation of T cells immortalized by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 is independent of open reading frame I expression.
J Virol 1999 Nov;73(11):9642-9

Robek MD, Ratner L
Immortalization of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax mutants expressed in a functional molecular clone.
J Virol 1999 Jun;73(6):4856-65

Voulgaropoulou F, Tan B, Soares M, Hahn B, Ratner L
Distinct human immunodeficiency virus strains in the bone marrow are associated with the development of thrombocytopenia.
J Virol 1999 Apr;73(4):3497-504

Grossman WJ, Verbsky JW, Yang L, Berg LJ, Fields LE, Chaplin DD, Ratner L
Dysregulated myelopoiesis in mice lacking Jak3.
Blood 1999 Aug 1;94(3):932-9

Vocero-Akbani AM, Heyden NV, Lissy NA, Ratner L, Dowdy SF
Killing HIV-infected cells by transduction with an HIV protease-activated caspase-3 protein.
Nat Med 1999 Jan;5(1):29-33

Wang JJ, Horton R, Varthakavi V, Spearman P, Ratner L
Formation and release of virus-like particles by HIV-1 matrix protein.
AIDS 1999 Feb 4;13(2):281-3

Garnier L, Ratner L, Rovinski B, Cao SX, Wills JW
Particle size determinants in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag protein.
J Virol 1998 Jun;72(6):4667-77

Popov S, Rexach M, Ratner L, Blobel G, Bukrinsky M
Viral protein R regulates docking of the HIV-1 preintegration complex to the nuclear pore complex.
J Biol Chem 1998 May 22;273(21):13347-52

Collins ND, Newbound GC, Albrecht B, Beard JL, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
Selective ablation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 p12I reduces viral infectivity in vivo.
Blood 1998 Jun 15;91(12):4701-7

Robek MD, Wong FH, Ratner L
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 pX-I and pX-II open reading frames are dispensable for the immortalization of primary lymphocytes.
J Virol 1998 May;72(5):4458-62

Albrecht B, Collins ND, Newbound GC, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
Quantification of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 proviral load by quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction.
J Virol Methods 1998 Nov;75(2):123-40

Pancio HA, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpx-Gag interaction.
J Virol 1998 Jun;72(6):5271-5

Zhou Y, Lu Y, Ratner L
Arginine residues in the C-terminus of HIV-1 Vpr are important for nuclear localization and cell cycle arrest.
Virology 1998 Mar 15;242(2):414-24

Popov S, Rexach M, Zybarth G, Reiling N, Lee MA, Ratner L, Lane CM, Moore MS, Blobel G, Bukrinsky M
Viral protein R regulates nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex.
EMBO J 1998 Feb 16;17(4):909-17

Grossman WJ, Ratner L
Cytokine expression and tumorigenicity of large granular lymphocytic leukemia cells from mice transgenic for the tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I.
Blood 1997 Jul 15;90(2):783-94

Spearman P, Horton R, Ratner L, Kuli-Zade I
Membrane binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein in vivo supports a conformational myristyl switch mechanism.
J Virol 1997 Sep;71(9):6582-92

Trejo SR, Fahl WE, Ratner L
The tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 mediates the transactivation of the c-sis/platelet-derived growth factor-B promoter through interactions with the zinc finger transcription factors Sp1 and NGFI-A/Egr-1.
J Biol Chem 1997 Oct 24;272(43):27411-21

Collins ND, Newbound GC, Ratner L, Lairmore MD
In vitro CD4+ lymphocyte transformation and infection in a rabbit model with a molecular clone of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1.
J Virol 1996 Oct;70(10):7241-6

Yahi N, Ratner L, Harouse JM, Gonzalez-Scarano F, Fantini J
Genetic determinants controlling HIV-1 tropism for CD4-/GalCer+ human intestinal epithelial cells: importance of the V3 loop.
Perspective in Drug Discovery & Design 1996;5:161-8

Trejo SR, Fahl WE, Ratner L
c-sis/PDGF-B promoter transactivation by the Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1.
J Biol Chem 1996 Jun 14;271(24):14584-90

Ratner L, Joseph T, Bandres J, Ghosh S, Vander Heyden N, Templeton A, Hahn B, Powderly W, Arens M
Sequence heterogeneity of Nef transcripts in HIV-1-infected subjects at different stages of disease.
Virology 1996 Sep 1;223(1):245-50

Spearman P, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid formation in reticulocyte lysates.
J Virol 1996 Nov;70(11):8187-94

Carrillo A, Ratner L
Cooperative effects of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope variable loops V1 and V3 in mediating infectivity for T cells.
J Virol 1996 Feb;70(2):1310-6

Carrillo A, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tropism for T-lymphoid cell lines: role of the V3 loop and C4 envelope determinants.
J Virol 1996 Feb;70(2):1301-9

Ebenbichler C, McNearney T, Stoiber H, Most J, Zangerle R, Vogetseder W, Patsch JR, Ratner L, Dierich MP
Sera from HIV-1 infected individuals in all stages of disease preferentially recognize the V3 loop of the prototypic macrophage-tropic glycoprotein gp120 ADA.
Mol Immunol 1995 Oct;32(14-15):1039-45

Lu YL, Bennett RP, Wills JW, Gorelick R, Ratner L
A leucine triplet repeat sequence (LXX)4 in p6gag is important for Vpr incorporation into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles.
J Virol 1995 Nov;69(11):6873-9

McNearney T, Hornickova Z, Templeton A, Birdwell A, Arens M, Markham R, Saah A, Ratner L
Nef and LTR sequence variation from sequentially derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates.
Virology 1995 Apr 1;208(1):388-98

Paredes J, Kahn JO, Tong WP, Feldstein ML, Lin S, Bennett JM, Metroka CE, Ratner L, Krown SE
Weekly oral etoposide in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a phase I multicenter trial of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1995 Jun 1;9(2):138-44

Henkel T, Westervelt P, Ratner L
HIV-1 V3 envelope sequences required for macrophage infection.
AIDS 1995 Apr;9(4):399-401

Grossman WJ, Kimata JT, Wong FH, Zutter M, Ley TJ, Ratner L
Development of leukemia in mice transgenic for the tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995 Feb 14;92(4):1057-61

Bandres JC, Shaw AS, Ratner L
HIV-1 Nef protein downregulation of CD4 surface expression: relevance of the lck binding domain of CD4.
Virology 1995 Feb 20;207(1):338-41

Kimata JT, Wong FH, Wang JJ, Ratner L
Construction and characterization of infectious human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 molecular clones.
Virology 1994 Nov 1;204(2):656-64

Heinzinger NK, Bukinsky MI, Haggerty SA, Ragland AM, Kewalramani V, Lee MA, Gendelman HE, Ratner L, Stevenson M, Emerman M
The Vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing host cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994 Jul 19;91(15):7311-5

Bandres JC, Luria S, Ratner L
Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus Nef protein by phosphorylation.
Virology 1994 May 15;201(1):157-61

Wang JJ, Lu Y, Ratner L
Particle assembly and Vpr expression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy.
J Gen Virol 1994 Oct;75 ( Pt 10):2607-14

Yu X, McLane MF, Ratner L, O'Brien W, Collman R, Essex M, Lee TH
Killing of primary CD4+ T cells by non-syncytium-inducing macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994 Oct 11;91(21):10237-41

Kimata JT, Wong FH, Ratner L
CD3-dependent lymphocyte activation by human T cell leukaemia virus type I-producing T cells.
J Gen Virol 1994 Sep;75 ( Pt 9):2433-7

Spearman P, Wang JJ, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Identification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag protein domains essential to membrane binding and particle assembly.
J Virol 1994 May;68(5):3232-42

Paine E, Gu R, Ratner L
Structure and expression of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 envelope protein.
Virology 1994 Mar;199(2):331-8

Horton R, Spearman P, Ratner L
HIV-2 viral protein X association with the GAG p27 capsid protein.
Virology 1994 Mar;199(2):453-7

Bandres JC, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein down-regulates transcription factors NF-kappa B and AP-1 in human T cells in vitro after T-cell receptor stimulation.
J Virol 1994 May;68(5):3243-9

Carrillo A, Trowbridge DB, Westervelt P, Ratner L
Identification of HIV1 determinants for T lymphoid cell line infection.
Virology 1993 Dec;197(2):817-24

Arens M, Joseph T, Nag S, Miller JP, Powderly WG, Ratner L
Alterations in spliced and unspliced HIV-1-specific RNA detection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with varying CD4-positive lymphocyte counts.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1993 Dec;9(12):1257-63

Lu YL, Spearman P, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R localization in infected cells and virions.
J Virol 1993 Nov;67(11):6542-50

Gu R, Westervelt P, Ratner L
Role of HIV-1 envelope V3 loop cleavage in cell tropism.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1993 Oct;9(10):1007-15

Murti KG, Brown PS, Ratner L, Garcia JV
Highly localized tracks of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef in the nucleus of cells of a human CD4+ T-cell line.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993 Dec 15;90(24):11895-9

Niederman TM, Hastings WR, Ratner L
Myristoylation-enhanced binding of the HIV-1 Nef protein to T cell skeletal matrix.
Virology 1993 Nov;197(1):420-5

Ebenbichler C, Westervelt P, Carrillo A, Henkel T, Johnson D, Ratner L
Structure-function relationships of the HIV-1 envelope V3 loop tropism determinant: evidence for two distinct conformations.
AIDS 1993 May;7(5):639-46

Kimata JT, Palker TJ, Ratner L
The mitogenic activity of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is T-cell associated and requires the CD2/LFA-3 activation pathway.
J Virol 1993 Jun;67(6):3134-41

Ebenbichler CF, Roder C, Vornhagen R, Ratner L, Dierich MP
Cell surface proteins binding to recombinant soluble HIV-1 and HIV-2 transmembrane proteins.
AIDS 1993 Apr;7(4):489-95

Niederman TM, Hastings WR, Luria S, Bandres JC,Ratner L
HIV-1 Nef protein inhibits the recruitment of AP-1 DNA-binding activity in human T-cells.
Virology 1993 May;194(1):338-44

Ratner L, Vander Heyden N
Mechanism of action of N-butyl deoxynojirimycin in inhibiting HIV-1 infection and activity in combination with nucleoside analogs.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1993 Apr;9(4):291-7

McNearney T, Hornickova Z, Kloster B, Birdwell A, Storch GA, Polmar SH, Arens M, Ratner L
Evolution of sequence divergence among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates derived from a blood donor and a recipient.
Pediatr Res 1993 Jan;33(1):36-42

Niederman TM, Garcia JV, Hastings WR, Luria S, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits NF-kappa B induction in human T cells.
J Virol 1992 Oct;66(10):6213-9

McNearney T, Hornickova Z, Markham R, Birdwell A, Arens M, Saah A, Ratner L
Relationship of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence heterogeneity to stage of disease.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992 Nov 1;89(21):10247-51

Westervelt P, Henkel T, Trowbridge DB, Orenstein J, Heuser J, Gendelman HE, Ratner L
Dual regulation of silent and productive infection in monocytes by distinct human immunodeficiency virus type 1 determinants.
J Virol 1992 Jun;66(6):3925-31

Westervelt P, Trowbridge DB, Epstein LG, Blumberg BM, Li Y, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Price RW, Ratner L
Macrophage tropism determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vivo.
J Virol 1992 Apr;66(4):2577-82

Dedera DA, Gu RL, Ratner L
Role of asparagine-linked glycosylation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane envelope function.
Virology 1992 Mar;187(1):377-82

Dedera D, Gu RL, Ratner L
Conserved cysteine residues in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane envelope protein are essential for precursor envelope cleavage.
J Virol 1992 Feb;66(2):1207-9

Dedera D, Ratner L
Demonstration of two distinct cytopathic effects with syncytium formation-defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants.
J Virol 1991 Nov;65(11):6129-36

Smidt M, Dumanski JP, Collins VP, Ratner L
Structure and expression of the c-sis gene and its relationship to sporadic meningiomas.
Cancer Res 1991 Aug 15;51(16):4295-8

Ratner L, Philpott T, Trowbridge DB
Nucleotide sequence analysis of isolates of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 of diverse geographical origins.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1991 Nov;7(11):923-41

Kimata JT, Ratner L
Temporal regulation of viral and cellular gene expression during human T-lymphotropic virus type I-mediated lymphocyte immortalization.
J Virol 1991 Aug;65(8):4398-407

Niederman TM, Hu W, Ratner L
Simian immunodeficiency virus negative factor suppresses the level of viral mRNA in COS cells.
J Virol 1991 Jul;65(7):3538-46

Westervelt P, Gendelman HE, Ratner L
Identification of a determinant within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 surface envelope glycoprotein critical for productive infection of primary monocytes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Apr 15;88(8):3097-101

Paine E, Garcia J, Philpott TC, Shaw G, Ratner L
Limited sequence variation in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 isolates from North American and African patients.
Virology 1991 May;182(1):111-23

Ratner L, Vander Heyden N, Garcia J, Polinsky M, Westervelt P, Becich M
Formation of noninfectious HIV-1 virus particles lacking a full-length envelope protein.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1991 Mar;7(3):287-94

Ratner L, Vander Heyden N, Dedera D
Inhibition of HIV and SIV infectivity by blockade of alpha-glucosidase activity.
Virology 1991 Mar;181(1):180-92

Westervelt P, Gendelman HE, Li Y, Ratner L
A determinant within the HIV-1 gp120 envelope protein critical for infection of primary monocytes.
Vaccines 91, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 71-6

Bryant ML, Ratner L, Duronio RJ, Kishore NS, Devadas B, Adams SP, Gordon JI
Incorporation of 12-methoxydodecanoate into the human immunodeficiency virus 1 gag polyprotein precursor inhibits its proteolytic processing and virus production in a chronically infected human lymphoid cell line.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Mar 15;88(6):2055-9

Griffith RC, Saha BK, Janney CM, Ratner L, Brunt EM, Gajl-Peczalska KJ, Hanto DW
Immunoblastic lymphoma of T-cell type in a chronically immunosuppressed renal transplant recipient.
Am J Clin Pathol 1990 Feb;93(2):280-5

Smidt M, Kirsch I, Ratner L
Deletion of Alu sequences in the fifth c-sis intron in individuals with meningiomas.
J Clin Invest 1990 Oct;86(4):1151-7

Dedera D, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Attenuation of HIV-1 infectivity by an inhibitor of oligosaccharide processing.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1990 Jun;6(6):785-94

Ratner L, Vander Heyden N, Paine E, Frei-Lahr D, Brown R, Petruska P, Reddy S, Lairmore MD
Familial adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Am J Hematol 1990 Jul;34(3):215-22

McNearney T, Westervelt P, Thielan BJ, Trowbridge DB, Garcia J, Whittier R, Ratner L
Limited sequence heterogeneity among biologically distinct human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from individuals involved in a clustered infectious outbreak.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Mar;87(5):1917-21

Bryant M, Ratner L
Myristoylation-dependent replication and assembly of human immunodeficiency virus 1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Jan;87(2):523-7

Bryant ML, Heuckeroth RO, Kimata JT, Ratner L, Gordon JI
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and Moloney murine leukemia virus is inhibited by different heteroatom-containing analogs of myristic acid.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989 Nov;86(22):8655-9

Hu W, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Analysis of the function of viral protein X (VPX) of HIV-2.
Virology 1989 Dec;173(2):624-30

Vander Heyden N, Rodi C, Ratner L
Analogs of 3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine inhibit HIV-1 replication.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1989 Dec;5(6):647-53

Dedera D, Hu W, Vander Heyden N, Ratner L
Viral protein R of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 is dispensable for replication and cytopathogenicity in lymphoid cells.
J Virol 1989 Jul;63(7):3205-8

Lee SJ, Hu W, Fisher AG, Looney DJ, Kao VF, Mitsuya H, Ratner L, Wong-Staal F
Role of the carboxy-terminal portion of the HIV-1 transmembrane protein in viral transmission and cytopathogenicity.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1989 Aug;5(4):441-9

Niederman TM, Thielan BJ, Ratner L
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 negative factor is a transcriptional silencer.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989 Feb;86(4):1128-32

Bell J, Ratner L
Specificity of polymerase chain amplification reactions for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA sequences.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1989 Feb;5(1):87-95

Ratner L
Regulation of expression of the c-sis proto-oncogene.
Nucleic Acids Res 1989 Jun 12;17(11):4101-15

Ratner L, Poiesz BJ
Leukemias associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I in a non-endemic region.
Medicine (Baltimore) 1988 Nov;67(6):401-22

Fisher AG, Ensoli B, Ivanoff L, Chamberlain M, Petteway S, Ratner L, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
The sor gene of HIV-1 is required for efficient virus transmission in vitro.
Science 1987 Aug 21;237(4817):888-93

Ratner L, Thielan B, Collins T
Sequences of the 5' portion of the human c-sis gene: characterization of the transcriptional promoter and regulation of expression of the protein product by 5' untranslated mRNA sequences.
Nucleic Acids Res 1987 Aug 11;15(15):6017-36

Ratner L, Polmar SH, Paul N, Ruddle N
Cytotoxic factors secreted by cells infected by human immunodeficiency virus type I.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1987 Summer;3(2):147-55

Thielan BJ, Hunter E, Desrosiers RC, Ratner L
Trans-activation of long terminal repeat sequence-mediated gene expression is not a property of type D retrovirus replication.
J Gen Virol 1987 Aug;68 ( Pt 8):2265-70

Ratner L, Fisher A, Jagodzinski LL, Mitsuya H, Liou RS, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
Complete nucleotide sequences of functional clones of the AIDS virus.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1987 Spring;3(1):57-69

Ratner L, Griffith RC, Marselle L, Hoh M, Wong-Staal F, Saxinger C
A lymphoproliferative disorder caused by human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Demonstration of a continuum between acute and chronic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Am J Med 1987 Nov;83(5):953-8

Ratner L
Delta hepatitis outbreak in a group of patients with leukemia.
Ann Intern Med 1986 Dec;105(6):972

Fisher AG, Ratner L, Mitsuya H, Marselle LM, Harper ME, Broder S, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
Infectious mutants of HTLV-III with changes in the 3' region and markedly reduced cytopathic effects.
Science 1986 Aug 8;233(4764):655-9

Ratner L, Peylan-Ramu N, Wesley R, Poplack DG
Adverse prognostic influence of hepatitis B virus infection in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Cancer 1986 Sep 1;58(5):1096-100

Seigel LJ, Ratner L, Josephs SF, Derse D, Feinberg MB, Reyes GR, O'Brien SJ, Wong-Staal F
Transactivation induced by human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III) maps to a viral sequence encoding 58 amino acids and lacks tissue specificity.
Virology 1986 Jan 15;148(1):226-31

Ratner L, Starcich B, Josephs SF, Hahn BH, Reddy EP, Livak KJ, Petteway SR Jr, Pearson ML, Haseltine WA, Arya SK, et al
Polymorphism of the 3' open reading frame of the virus associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, human T-lymphotropic virus type III.
Nucleic Acids Res 1985 Nov 25;13(22):8219-29

Ratner L, Josephs SF, Jarrett R, Reitz MS Jr, Wong-Staal F
Nucleotide sequence of transforming human c-sis cDNA clones with homology to platelet-derived growth factor.
Nucleic Acids Res 1985 Jul 25;13(14):5007-18

Fisher AG, Collalti E, Ratner L, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
A molecular clone of HTLV-III with biological activity.
Nature 1985 Jul 18-24;316(6025):262-5

Ratner L, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
HTLV-III, LAV, ARV are variants of same AIDS virus.
Nature 1985 Feb 21-27;313(6004):636-7

Ratner L, Josephs SF, Starcich B, Hahn B, Shaw GM, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
Nucleotide sequence analysis of a variant human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-Ib) provirus with a deletion in pX-I.
J Virol 1985 Jun;54(3):781-90

Starcich B, Ratner L, Josephs SF, Okamoto T, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F
Characterization of long terminal repeat sequences of HTLV-III.
Science 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):538-40

Ratner L, Haseltine W, Patarca R, Livak KJ, Starcich B, Josephs SF, Doran ER, Rafalski JA, Whitehorn EA, Baumeister K, et al
Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III.
Nature 1985 Jan 24-30;313(6000):277-84

Josephs SF, Ratner L, Clarke MF, Westin EH, Reitz MS, Wong-Staal F
Transforming potential of human c-sis nucleotide sequences encoding platelet-derived growth factor.
Science 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):636-9

Clarke MF, Westin E, Schmidt D, Josephs SF, Ratner L, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC, Reitz MS Jr
Transformation of NIH 3T3 cells by a human c-sis cDNA clone.
Nature 1984 Mar 29-Apr 4;308(5958):464-7

Josephs SF, Guo C, Ratner L, Wong-Staal F
Human-proto-oncogene nucleotide sequences corresponding to the transforming region of simian sarcoma virus.
Science 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):487-91

Ratner L, Nordlund JJ, Lengyel P
Interferon as an inhibitor of cell growth: studies with mouse melanoma cells.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1980 Feb;163(2):267-72

Jarvis AP, White C, Ball A, Gupta SL, Ratner L, Sen GC, Colby C
Interferon-associated, dsRNA-dependent enzyme activities in a mutant 3T6 cell engaged in the semiconstitutive synthesis of interferon.
Cell 1978 Aug;14(4):879-87

Farrell PJ, Sen GC, Dubois MF, Ratner L, Slattery E, Lengyel P
Interferon action: two distinct pathways for inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1978 Dec;75(12):5893-7

Ratner L, Wiegand RC, Farrell PJ, Sen GC, Cabrer B, Lengyel P
Interferon, double-stranded RNA and RNA degradation. Fractionation of the endonucleaseINT system into two macromolecular components; role of a small molecule in nuclease activation.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1978 Apr 14;81(3):947-54

Ratner L, Sen GC, Brown GE, Lebleu B, Kawakita M, Cabrer B, Slattery E, Lengyel P
Interferon, double-stranded RNA and RNA degradation. Characteristics of an endonuclease activity.
Eur J Biochem 1977 Oct 3;79(2):565-77